Ambachew Tefera Correlation, phenotypic, genotypic, seed yield, sorghum 9-19 4 (1) 2020 January, 2020 The experiment was conducted under rain fed condition at Cheffa testing site of Sirinka Agricultural Research Centre in South Wello, Ethiopia with 49 sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] genotypes during 2018 using simple lattice design with two replications to assess the association, direct and indirect effect of different characters on yield. There were statistically significant differences among the genotypes. Grain yield had highly significant positive phenotypic and genotypic correlation with thousand seeds weight, grain filling period and harvest index. Path coefficient analysis showed that among the eight independent traits: thousand seeds weight, head yield per plant, grain filling period, plant height and harvest index had positive direct effects on grain yield at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Generally, correlation coupled with path coefficient analysis revealed that thousand seeds weight, grain filling period and harvest index had a direct relationship with seed yield and were found to be important yield components that can be used to improve the yield potential of sorghum.